Application of SGRT Combined with IGRT Isocenter Dual-guided Resetting in IMRT for Breast Cancer / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveThe objective is to investigate the possibility of isocenter dual-guided resetting of surface guided radiation therapy （SGRT） combined with image guided radiation therapy （IGRT） in postoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer. To assess the setup error accuracy between the new resetting mode and the traditional resetting mode. MethodsRetrospective analysis was performed on breast cancer patients who underwent ELEKTA infinity accelerator radiotherapy in sun yat-sen university cancer center from July 13， 2021 to October 15， 2022. According to different reset methods， the patients were divided into a simulation group （41 cases） and a dual-guided group （40 cases）. The simulation group was reset using a simulator， CBCT scans were performed and setup errors were recorded during the first treatment； The dual-guided group was guided by AlignRT and combined with CBCT for isocenter dual-guided resetting， and the setup error obtained by CBCT registration was recorded. The global setup errors of chest region of interest （CROI） ， the local residual errors of supraclavicular region of interest （SROI） and the resetting time of the two reset methods were calculated and compared respectively. The advantages of the CBCT error distribution in the dual-guided resetting of SGRT combined with IGRT were analyzed. ResultsThe median of the global setup errors （X/cm， Y/cm， Z/cm， Rx°， Ry°， Rz°） of the simulation group and the median of the dual-guided group in the CROI were statistically significant （P<0.05） except the Rz and Ry directions. The local residual errors of the two groups of the SROI were calculated. The median of the errors of X/cm， Y/cm， Z/cm， Rx°， Ry°， Rz° were statistically significant （P<0.05） except the X and Y axis. The resetting time of the simulation group was significantly longer than that of the dual-guided group （238.64±28.56） s， t=-24.555， P=0.000， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The CBCT error distribution of the dual-guide group was analyzed， and it was found that the absolute values of translation errors of X， Y and Z axis were all within 0.4 cm， while the proportions of ≤ 0.3 cm were 95%， 93% and 93%， respectively. The proportions of rotation errors of Rx， Ry and Rz ≤ 1.5 ° were 90%， 93% and 90%， respectively. ConclusionIn postoperative radiotherapy of breast cancer， SGRT combined with IGRT for isocenter dual-guided resetting can effectively correct the rotational setup errors and residual errors， and improve the accuracy of radiotherapy with less resetting time and high feasibility， which compared with the traditional simulator resetting mode. This precise， unmarked resetting method can be widely used in clinical practice.

Utilizing databases to study the expression of FAM83C in gastric cancer and its clinical significance / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveAs the pathogenesis of gastric cancer remains unclear, this paper aims to investigate the expression of FAM83C in gastric cancer tissues, to analyze the relationship between the expression difference and clinicopathological features and prognosis, and to further explore the mutation sites and methylation of FAM83C in gastric cancer.MethodsData mining of FAM83C was conducted by TCGA database and Oncomine database to analyze the expression of FAM83C in gastric cancer and other multiple types of cancer. The relationship between the expression of FAM83C and the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer was analyzed by LinkedOmics database. The effect of FAM83C expression on the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer was analyzed by Kaplan Meier Plotter database. The mutation sites and methylation of FAM83C in gastric cancer was analyzed by cBioportal database and MethHC database. The protein network interacting with FAM83C was analyzed by String database.ResultsThere were 56 studies on FAM83C expression differences in the Oncomine database with statistical significance (P<0.05), among which 46 studies suggested that FAM83C was highly expressed in a variety of cancer tissues, and its high expression in gastric cancer was statistically significant (P=0.000733). Meanwhile, the analysis of 637 gastric cancer samples in the TCGA database showed that FAM83C was highly expressed in all kinds of gastric cancer tissues (P<0.05). The differences between FAM83C expression level and patients' age (P=0.0344) and T stage (P=0.034) were statistically significant (P<0.05). The group with high FAM83C expression had shorter survival time and worse prognosis, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.0071). FAM83C mutations in gastric cancer include missense mutation, frame-shift mutation and splicing mutation. The methylation level of FAM83C gene promoter region in gastric cancer was significantly higher than that in normal gastric tissue (P<0.005). The proteins interacting with FAM83C include SLCO5A1, AKR7A3, MMP24, EIF6 and ARL11, etc., and may participate in the cellular function process together.ConclusionFAM83C is highly expressed in gastric cancer. In addition, its expression level has a certain correlation with the degree of malignancy and poor prognosis of gastric cancer, which is manifested in the characteristics of proto-oncogenes to a certain extent, and is expected to become a new target for clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.

Application of different turnover intervals in preventing stress injury to patients in rescue room / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effect of different turnover intervals in preventing stress injury to patients in emergency room.@*Methods@#The 200 eligible patients from July 2016 to July 2017 were divided into 4 groups by random number table method, 50 patients per group, named as the conventional group, test group 1, test group 2 and test group 3. Turning frequency was used for 2.0 h in the conventional group, and 2.5 h, 3.0 h and 3.5 h in the first, second and third groups, respectively. The average body pressure of the shoulder blade, left and right lateral ankle and sacral tail between the four groups at different turning time, the incidence of stress injuries, the comprehensive satisfaction of patients with turn-over nursing were compared.@*Results@#There was no statistically significant difference in the body pressure value of the main compression site between the four groups (P>0.05), and the incidence of stress injury was 2.0% (1/50), 2.0% (1/50), 2.0% (1/50), and 4.0% (2/50), respectively (P>0.05). The comprehensive satisfaction degree of the patients in the four groups was 71.0%(71/100), 75.0%(81/108), 79.8% (83/104), and 86.6% (97/112), respectively, with statistically significant differences (χ2=8.517, P< 0.05). For each of the two groups, only the general group and the experimental group showed statistically significant differences in the comprehensive satisfaction degree of the patients in the three groups (χ2=7.824, P< 0.01).@*Conclusions@#It shows that the 3.5 h turning-over interval can effectively prevent stress injuries, improve patient satisfaction, and reduce the workload of nursing staff without affecting patient treatment, nursing, and stress injury prevention.

Management of displaced radial neck fractures in children: elastic stable intramedullary nailing vs K-wire fixation / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the complications and clinical outcome of titanium elastic nail(TEN) versus K-wire fixation(KW) for the treatment of displaced radial neck fractures in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2009 to December 2014, 56 children with displaced radial neck fractures were studied retrospectively according to the inclusion criteria. Based on the different methods of internal fixation, patients were divided into two groups: titanium elastic nail (TEN group) and K-wire fixation (KW group). Among 25 patients(15 males and 11 females, aged from 3 to 12 years old with an average of 8.6±2.1) treated with TEN, 16 patients had type III fractures, 19 patients had type IV fractures according to Metaizeau-Judet modified classification; 20 patients were treated with closed reduction and 5 patients were treated with open reduction; the time from injury to treatment ranged from 1 to 8 days with an average of (3.6±1.7) days. Among 31 patients (20 males and 11 females, aged from 3 to 11 years old with an average of 9.1±1.9 years old) treated with KW, 19 patients had type III fractures, 12 patients had type IV fractures; 22 patients were treated with closed reduction, and 9 patients were treated with open reduction; the time from injury to treatment ranged from 2 to 7 days with an average of (3.7±1.5) days. No significant differences between two groups were found in general data. Operative time, hospitalization time, healing time of fracture, internal fixation time, postoperative complications and function recovery of the two groups were compared and evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average follow-up period of the patients was 22.1 months in TEN group(ranged, 16 to 48 months), and 21.9 months in KW group(ranged, 13 to 48 months). There were no significant differences between these 2 groups in follow-up duration, average hospitalization time and fracture healing time. The operation time, hospital costs and internal fixation time in TEN group were (56.6±11.8) min, (18 000±3 000) Yuan(RMB), (9.1±2.5) weeks respectively; and in KW group were(45.5±10.3) min, (8 000±1 000) Yuan(RMB), (4.8±1.6) weeks respectively, there were significant differences between two groups(<0.05). Outcome scores according to Metaizeau and Tibone-Stoltz had no significant differences between two groups(>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There is no significant difference of therapeutic effects between TEN and KW for children with displaced radial neck fractures. Because the removal of TEN fixation requires the secondary anesthesia, and the TEN costs significantly more than KW, TEN still can't replace the traditional KW for the treatment of radial neck fracture in children.</p>

Effectiveness of early goal-directed fluid therapy with fresh frozen plasma for severe acute pancre-atitis / 临床外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of early goal-directed fluid therapy with fresh frozen plasma in severe acute pancreatitis(SAP). Methods From January 2010 to June 2014,79 SAP patients were enrolled according to the continuous sampling method. All the patients were randomly divided into a control group who accept the traditional fluid therapy(group A),an experimental group 1 who accept early goal-directed fluid therapy(group B),and an experimental group 2 who accept the early goal-directed fluid therapy with fresh frozen plasma(group C). There were no significant differences of general conditions a-mong groups. The differences of ICU admission,mortality and occurrence rate of abdominal compartment syndrome(ACS)and MODS were compared among groups. Results Compared with group A,group B and C have a shorter length of ICU admission,a lower mortality and a lower occurrence rate of ACS and MODS (P < 0. 05). Compared with group B,group C have a shorter length of ICU admission,a lower mortality and a lower occurrence rate of ACS and MODS(P < 0. 05). Conclusion The method of early goal-direct-ed fluid therapy with fresh frozen plasma will contribute to shorten the length of ICU admission and reduce mortality and occurrence rate of ACS and MODS for patients with SAP.

MiRNA-106a Induces Multidrug Resistance of Gastric Cancer Cells by Targeting RUNX 3 / 华中科技大学学报(医学版)

Objective To explore the effect of miRNA‐106a(miR‐106a) expression on multidrug resistance(MDR)of gastric cancer(GC)cells and the involvement of runt‐related transcription factor 3 RUNX3.Methods The expression of miR‐106a was detected in two human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines with MDR by immunoblotting and apoptosis assay. The sensitivity of GC cells to anticancer drugs was observed by detecting the expression of miR‐106a by using immunoblotting and PCR ,and the relationship between miR‐106a and RUNX3 was determined by luciferase activity assay.Results miR‐106a was significantly in‐creased in GC cells with MDR ,and it suppressed the sensitivity of GC cells to anticancer drugs. It could modulate MDR by tar‐geting RUNX3.Conclusion miR‐106a can induce the MDR by targeting RUNX3 in GC.

A clinical study of the prognostic value of modified Glasgow prognostic score in patients with gas- tric cancer / 临床外科杂志

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of modified Glasgow prognostic score(mGPS)in patients with gastric cancer.Methods The clinical data of 600 patients with gastric cancerwho underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively reviewed.These patients were divided into themGPS0 group,mGPS1 group,and mGPS2 group according to the standard of mGPS.Postoperative survivals and risk factors that may affect patient's prognosis were analyzed among the three groups.Results There were 46 (7.7%)cases,33 (5.5%)cases and 521 (86.8%)cases in the mGPS0,mGPS1 andmGPS2 group,respectively.Except for gender(P =0.203),age,BMI,CEA,CA199,CRP,Alb,TNM stageand mGPS affected the over all survivals and there were significant differences among the groups(P <0.01).Gender,age,BMI,CEA,CA199 and TNM stage affected the mGPS and there were significantdifferences among the groups(P <0.01).Multivariate analysis identified that age(OR,1.319,95% CI1.068,1.629,P <0.01),TNMstage(OR,2.909,95% CI 2.616,3.234,P <0.01)and mGPS(OR,1.845,95% CI 1.184,2.875,P =0.007)were correlated with the postoperative death rate and they wererisk factors of poor postoperative prognosis(P <0.01).Conclusion mGPS can be used as an early,simple and effective prognostic predictor of postoperative survival for patients with gastric cancer.

Research progress of rat models of type 2 diabetes induced by high calorie diet combined with streptozotocin / 中国实验动物学报

The establishment of rat models of type 2 diabetes mellitus can provide an ideal animal experimental technology platform for the research of pathogenesis , prevention , diagnosis and treatment of diabetes mellitus and its com-plications .The establishment of type 2 diabetic rat models may be affected by various factors .In this paper , the main fac-tors, streptozotocin (STZ) application, high fat and calorie diet, selection and breeding of rats are reviewed , which will provide an important reference for the development of rat models type 2 diabetes.

Titanium elastic nail versus plate-screw fixation for the treatment of upper segment fractures of femoral shaft in children / 中国骨伤

<p><b>UNLABELLED</b>ABSTRA CT OBJECTIVE To compare the complications and clinical outcome of titanium elastic nail (TEN) versus plate-screw fixation (PF) for the treatment of upper segment fractures of femoral shaft in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May 2006 and August 2012,32 consecutive children with upper segment fractures of femoral shaft were studied prospectively. They were randomly divided into TEN group and PF group. Ninteen patients were treated with titanic elastic nail (TEN) fixation including 11 males and 8 females with an average age of (6.9?2.2) years old ranging from 3 to 11,11 cases of them were type A, 6 cases were type B,2 cases were type C according to AO classification. The other 13 patients were treated with plate-screw fixation (PF) including 9 males and 4 females with an average age of (7.5±2.1) years old ranging from 5 to 12 years, and 3 cases of them were type A,6 cases were type B,2 cases were type C. Operative time, blood loss,incision length,the time of hospitalization,fracture healing time, postoperative complications and function recovery between two groups were compared and evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average follow-up period of the patients was 25.3 months (ranging from 15 to 48 months) in TEN group, and 36.2 months (ranging from 13 to 36 months) in the PF group. The operation time, time of hospitalization, the time of implants removed after the initial surgery, fracture healing time in TEN group were respectively (56.7±11.2) min, (6.6±3.9) d, (8.1±2.3) months, (12.6+3.8) weeks; and in PF group were respectively (51.5±8.3) min, (7.8±4.8) d, (7.8±1.6) months, (11.8±2.8) weeks, there was no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). However, the length of incisions was (4.3±1.7) cm and the intraoperative blood loss was (12.7+3.2) ml in TEN group,which were significantly less than that in PF group respectively (89.2±21.1) ml and (11.6?2.3) cm (P<0.05). There was no statistically difference in postoperative in complication between two groups, but the patients in TEN group had a higher incidence of soft tissue irritation and misalignment. Outcome scores according to Sanders had no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). In TEN group,the result was excellent in 13 cases, good in 3,fair in 2, and poor in 1, while in PF group excellent in 10, good in 2, fair in 1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is no significant difference in therapeutic effects between TEN and PF for children with upper segment fractures of femoral shaft. The internal fixation should be selected according to the associated fracture type, weight, the expected value of the parents, scars, and so on.</p>

The application of UGT1A1 28 genotype combined with pharmacokinetics of SN-38 in the detection of irinotecan-based second-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced colorectal cancer / 肿瘤

Objective: This multicenter study was conducted to retrospectively investigate the gene polymorphism of UGT 1A 1 28 (uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase 1A1 28) in patients with advanced colorectal cancer receiving CPT-11 (irinotecan)-based second-line chemotherapy between June 2010 and January 2012. The associations between peak and valley concentrations of SN-38 with the efficacy and adverse effects of these patients carrying genotype (TA)6/(TA)6 or (TA)6/(TA)7 after chemotherapy with CPT-11. Methods: This was a retrospective multicenter study. Sixty-nine patients with advanced colorectal cancer receiving CPT-11 (irinotecan)-based second-line chemotherapy between June 2010 and January 2012 were collected. The frequency of TA repeats in the TATA box region of the UGT 1A 1 gene was detected before chemotherapy and the plasma concentration of SN-38 was detected by HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) at 1.5 h and 49.0 h after CPT-11 infusion. The shortterm response and adverse effects were observed. The relationships of the concentration of plasma SN-38 with the short-term response and adverse effects of patients carrying genotype (TA) 6/(TA)6 or (TA)6/(TA)7 were analyzed by stepwise regression analysis. Results: Of sixty-nine patients, (TA) 6/(TA)6 genotype was identified in forty-five patients (65.22%), (TA)6/(TA)7 genotype was identified in twenty-four patients (34.78%), and (TA)7/(TA)7 genotype was identified in none patients. The average plasma peak and valley concentrations of SN-38 after CPT-11 infusion in patients carrying (TA) 6/(TA)7 genotype were both significantly higher than those in patients carrying (TA)6/(TA)6 genotype (P = 0.001, P = 0.000). Stepwise regression analysis showed that for patients carrying (TA)6/(TA)6 genotype, the peak plasma concentration of SN-38 was related with progression-free survival, and the valley plasma concentration of SN-38 was related with short-term response; for patients carrying (TA)6/(TA)7 genotype, the peak plasma concentration of SN-38 was related with bone marrow suppression, and the valley plasma concentration of SN-38 was related with plasma total bilirubin level and delayed diarrhea after CPT-11 infusion. For patients carrying (TA) 6/(TA)6 genotype, the median progression-free survival of patients whose peak plasma concentration of SN-38 was above 43.20 ng/mL and the valley plasma concentration of SN-38 was above 9.41 ng/mL was significantly prolonged as compared with that of the patients whose peak plasma concentration of SN-38 was less than or equal to 43.20 ng/mL (6.0 vs 4.6 months, χ2 = 25.57, P = 0.00) and the valley plasma concentration of SN-38 was less than or equal to 9.41 ng/mL (6.0 vs 5.2 months, χ2 = 6.81, P = 0.01). For patients carrying (TA)6/(TA)7 genotype, the median progression-free survival of patients whose peak plasma concentration of SN-38 was above 50.60 ng/mL and the valley plasma concentration of SN-38 was above 16.29 ng/mL was not significantly prolonged as compared with that of the patients whose peak plasma concentration of SN-38 was less than or equal to 50.60 ng/ mL (7.0 vs 6.0 months, χ2 = 0.18, P = 0.67) and the valley plasma concentration of SN-38 was less than or equal to 16.29 ng/mL (6.0 vs 7.3 months, χ2 = 0.56, P = 0.46); the rates of bone marrow suppression (P = 0.02, P = 0.02) and delayed diarrhea were higher (P = 0.04, P = 0.03). Conclusion: The genotypes of (TA)6/(TA)6 and (TA)6/(TA)7 account for the majority of advanced colorectal cancer. For patients carrying (TA)6/(TA)6 genotype, CPT-11 dosage can be increased gradually to improve the response of patients with peak plasma concentration of SN-38 ≤ 43.20 ng/mL or peak valley concentration of SN-38 ≤ 9.41 ng/mL after CPT-11 infusion; for patients carrying (TA)6/(TA)7 genotype, CPT-11 dosage can be reduced appropriately to reduce serious adverse effects without affecting the response of patients with peak plasma concentration of SN-38 > 50.60 ng/mL or peak valley concentration of SN-38 > 16.29 ng/mL after CPT-11 infusion. Copyright © 2013 by TUMOR.

Posterior interosseous nerve entrapment after Monteggia fracture-dislocation in children / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Although most of nerve injuries associated with Monteggia fracture-dislocation in children are neurapraxias and will recover spontaneously after conservative treatment, surgical exploration of the involved nerve is always required in the cases with the entrapment of posterior interosseous nerve (PIN). However, the necessity and time frame for surgical intervention for specific patterns of nerve dysfunction remains controversial. The aim of the report is to observe and understand the pathology of PIN injury associated with Monteggia fracture-dislocation in children, and to propose the possible indication for the exploration of nerve.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eight cases, six boys and two girls, with Monteggia fracture-dislocation complicated by PIN injury, managed operatively at the authors?Hospital from 2007 to 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. All the patients underwent the attempted closed reduction before they received exploration of PIN, with open reduction and internal fixation or successful closed reduction.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The PIN was found to be trapped acutely posterior to the radiocapitellar joint in 4 out of 5 Type III Bado's Monteggia fractures. In the remaining cases, since there were longer time intervals from injury to operation, chronic compressive changes and epineural fibrosis of radial nerve were visualized. After a microsurgical neurolysis performed, the complete recovery in the nerve function was obtained in all the cases during the follow-up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The findings from this study suggest that every case of type III Monteggia fracture-dislocation with decreased or absent function of muscles innervated by PIN and an irreducible radial head in children should be viewed as an indication for immediate surgical exploration of the involved nerve to exclude a potential PIN entrapment.</p>

Role of pharmacokinetic monitoring of serum fluorouracil concentration in patients with local advanced and metastatic colorectal cancer and further improving efficacy of fluorouracil-based chemotherapy / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between serum concentration of fluorouracil and therapeutic efficacy as well as adverse reactions in patients with unresectable locally advanced or measurable metastatic colorectal cancer, and to analyze its role in further improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing adverse reactions of fluorouracil-based chemotherapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty-six patients were randomly assigned into three groups according to the average plasma concentration of fluorouracil after three cycles of chemotherapy with the initial regimen of two weeks FOLFOX-4 (oxaliplatin + leucovorin + fluorouracil) or FOLFIRI (irinotecan + leucovorin + fluorouracil): group 1 (plasma concentration of fluorouracil < 25 ng/ml), group 2 (25 - 35 ng/ml) and group 3 (> 35 ng/ml). The blood samples were taken at 12 h after continuous infusion of fluorouracil in each cycle and the plasma concentration of fluorouracil was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (about 5 am ± 1 h). The relationship between the drug plasma concentration, therapeutic efficacy and adverse reactions in different fluorouracil plasma concentration arms was analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average plasma concentrations of fluorouracil of the three groups were (23.48 ± 1.95) ng/ml, (31.47 ± 2.33) ng/ml and (39.89 ± 3.87) ng/ml, respectively (P < 0.01). As for therapeutic efficacy, the median OS of the groups 2 and 3 were 18.0 and 17.5 months, significantly higher than that in the group 1 (13.0 months, P < 0.01). The PFS were 4.5, 7.5 and 8.0 months, respectively (P < 0.01). In terms of adverse reactions, the incidences of bone marrow suppression, mucositis and diarrhea in the group 3 were significantly higher than that in the first two groups (P = 0.02, P = 0.04 and P = 0.02).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The patients with local advanced and metastatic colorectal cancer, receiving fluorouracil-based chemotherapy, and with an average plasma concentration of fluorouracil between 25 - 35 mg/L have a better prognosis, and lower incidence of adverse reactions such as bone marrow suppression, mucositis and diarrhea.</p>

Case based learning used in the teaching ward round on oncology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Case based learning was introduced in the teaching ward round on oncology. Our heuristic, interactive, discussion-style teaching model was focused on real clinical cases, by raising questions to discuss strategies for solving problems. Therefore, we can foster clinicians' ability of solving problems, their innovative spirit and team-work spirit so as to meet the requirements of multidisciplinary treatment in new era oncology.

The role of pharmacokinetic monitoring of fluorouracil in improvement of efficacy and reduction of adverse reactions for patients with advanced gastric cancer / 肿瘤

Objective: To retrospectively investigate the relationship between plasma concentration of fluorouracil and its therapeutic efficacy as well as adverse reactions in 70 patients with locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer, and to determine the role of pharmacokinetic monitoring of fluorouracil in improvement of efficacy and reduction of adverse reactions of fluorouracil-based chemotherapy. Methods: Seventy patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer were randomly assigned into group A [treated with DCF regimen (docetaxol+cisplatin+fluorouracil), repeated every three weeksfor at least four cycles] and group B [treated with DOF regimen (docetaxol+oxaliplatin+fluorouracil), repeated every three weeks for at least four cycles]. The plasma concentration of fluorouracil was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (time for detection: 4-6 AM) after continuous infusion of fluorouracil over 12 h in each cycle. The average value of plasma concentrations in each cycle was calculated, and the factors related to plasma concentration of fluorouracil were screened by stepwise regression. Then all patients were divided into three groups (group 1, group 2 and group 3) according to the predictive confidence interval of plasma fluorouracil concentration, and the average values of plasma fluorouracil concentration in each cycle of these three groups were less than or equal to 25.5 mg/L25.6-37.4 mg/L, and more than 37.4 mg/L, respectively. The relationship between plasma concentration of fluorouracil and its therapeutic efficacy as well as adverse reactions was retrospectively analyzed. Results: Stepwise regression analysis showed that the plasma concentration of fluorouracil was associated with myelosuppression, mucositis, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The average plasma concentrations of fluorouracil in group 1, group 2 and group 3 were (20.73±3.80) mg/L, (31.98±3.10) mg/L and (40.32±3.45) mg/L, respectively (χ2=66.24, P <0.001). As for efficacy, the medianPFS and OS of group 2 and group 3 were both significantly higher than those of group 1 [PFS: (6.00±0.32), (7.50±0.75) and (4.50±0.19) months, χ2=2.09, P <0.001; O S: (13.00±1.58), (12.50±2.66) and (8.50±1.00) months, χ2=32.32, P <0.001]. In terms of adverse reactions, the incidence rates of bone marrow suppression and mucositis of group 3 were both higher than those of group 1 and group 2 (P =0.04 and P =0.03). Conclusion: The patients with advanced gastric cancer receiving fluorouracil-based chemotherapy with an average plasma concentration of fluorouracil maintained within the range of 25.6-37.4 mg/L can obtain better survival and tolerance as well as lower incidence rates of adverse reactions such as myelosuppression (especially III/IV), mucositis, etc. Copyright© 2011 by TUMOR.

The protection of Atomolan on Ischemia-reperfnsion injury of the rat bile duct cells in liver transplantation / 中国医师杂志

Objective To explore the mechanisms of ischemia-reperfasion(I/R)injury of the bile duet and the effect of Atomolan on Isehemia-reperfusion injury of the bile duct in liver transplantation.Methods Pathological changes of the bile duct cells in three groups of rat liver transplantation model were observed through light microscope.And the effective protection of Atomolan against ischemia-repeffusion injury was observed.Results In ischemia-reperfusion group,the injury of bile duct cells were more serious,the level of ALT,AST and γ-glutamyhransferase elevated higher,oxygen free radical generated more,and the apoptosis of bile duct ceils appeared more,compared with Atomolan pretreatment.Conclusion The injury in bile duct cells is more serious than that in hepatoeyte in I/R injury.Atomolan can provide effective protection against liver Ischemia-reperfusion injury.The mechanisms may be through depress the production of oxygen free radical and decrease the apoptosis of bile duct cells.

Differences of critical twinkle visual frequency for red light among normal persons,schizophrenia and alcoholism patients / 中国组织工程研究

0.05).CONCLUSION:The critical twinkle visual frequency of red light in normal persons is higher than that in schizophrenia patients and alcoholism patients.And the critical twinkle visual frequency in alcoholism patients is a little lower than that in schizophrenia patients.

Golden section, the optimization of environmental factors for human body / 中国组织工程研究

OBJECTIVE: Human body is closed in environmental physical factors.Using golden section, this study aims to find out the best condition of environmental physical factors acting on human body.METHODS: There are a lot of phenomena which have relation with golden section, for example, the environmental temperature, humidity, light frequency, sound intensity, atmospheric pressure, oxygen content, etc. Are in step with human sensation. RESULTS: ① Harmony between environmental temperature and human body: Room temperature was maintained at 22-24 ℃, which was the golden temperature of human body (37 ℃). At this time, human felt the most comfortable. ② Harmony between humidity and human body: When humidity ranged from 60% to 69% which contained the golden humidity of 61.8%, human did not feel both dryness and wetness. ③ Harmony between light frequency and human body: Visible light with the wave length of 5.3×10-5 cm exactly stood at the golden point and was located in the area between yellow and green, I.e. Kelly light. Eyes of human had various sensitivities to each part of visible light. The further the wave-length away from kelly light, the poorer the sensitivity was; therefore, photosensitivity of kelly light was the most obvious, and human felt comfortable at the same time. ④ Harmony between sound intensity and human body: Golden value from auditory threshold (0 dB) to pain threshold (120 dB) was 45.84 dB and 74.16 dB, respectively, which was located at normal area (40-60 dB),loudness area (60-80 dB) and region of musical sound. Musical sound had a great effect on cardiovascular system, digestive system, gland excretionand thinking activities. ⑤ Harmony between atmospheric pressure and human body: If oxygen content was near to golden value, human felt suitable;otherwise, human would have hypoxia, irritancy, nausea and emesis.CONCLUSION: The best condition of environmental physical factors is optional. If the indexes, such as environmental temperature, humidity, light frequency, sound intensity, atmospheric pressure and oxygen content, are near to golden value, they will be harmonious with human body.

Reversal of multidrug resistance of HL-60 adriamycin resistant leukemia cell line by quercetin and its mechanisms / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Quercetin, a widely distributed natural flavonoid with a variety of biological functions, can reverse multidrug resistance (MDR) in leukemia according to recent researches. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of reversal of multi-drug resistance by quercetin mainly in respect of membrane transporters.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTT cell viability assay was used to verify the chemo-sensitization to daunorubicin (DNR) by quercetin in HL-60/ADM cell line and determine the effective reversal concentration, the expression of MRP(1) gene and its protein product, multidrug resistant associated protein 1 by RT-PCR and flow cytometry By confocal laser scanning microscopy, the subcellular distribution of DNR in HL-60/S and HL-60/ADM cells was examined before and after quercetin exposure.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with HL-60/S, 20-40 micromol/L quercetin in vitro remarkably enhanced the sensitivity of HL-60/ADM cells to daunorubicin, down-regulated the expression of MRP(1) gene and its protein product MRP(1), restored the abnormal subcellular distribution of daunorubicin, so as to reverse MDR. Moreover, such an effective concentration of quercetin was non-toxic to the cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Quercetin could be a candidate of effective multidrug resistance-reversing agent with low toxicity in leukemia chemotherapy.</p>

The clinical application and biomechanical study of reconstruction of anterior and posterior cruciate ligament with hamstring tendons knot implant fixation / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the feasibility of reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) with hamstring tendons knot implant fixation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-two cases of ACL and PCL old injury were reconstructed under the arthroscopy with double bundles hamstring tendons knot implant fixated in the bottle-necked femoral tunnel. The tibia side were fixated by tendon weave suture cross tied a knot at the bone bridge of tibia. In this group reconstruction of ACL was in 25, PCL and ACL at the same time reconstruction in 15, PCL in 12. The failure test and displacement evaluation were used to study the biomechanics of reconstruction of ACL by hamstring tendon knot implant fixation (n = 13) in porcine knees. The control group were reconstructed with bone-patellar tendon-bone B-PT-B and interference screw (n = 11). The tibia side tendon weave suture immobility by cross tied a knot at the tibia bone bridge (n = 7) and interference screw in the tibia tunnel (n = 8).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Forty-nine cases were followed up, average 14.6 months. The results of Lanchman test was negative in 46 cases, positive in 3 cases. Preoperative Lysholm score was 56.7, and postoperative was 92.8. According to the knee joint effective evaluate standard, 46 were excellent and 3 good. The maximal pull-out force of hamstring tendons knot implanted fixation had been greater than B-PT-B fixation by interference screw. There were similar displacement in 100 N and 400 N load between hamstring tendons knot implant fixation and B-PT-B (P > 0.05). Peak force test maximal displacement evaluation and failure energy absorption measurement showed that hamstring tendons knot implant fixation was significantly greater than B-PT-B (P < 0.01). The failure test and displacement evaluation of tendon fixation by weave suture knot at the tibia bone bridge cross tie were greater than B-PT-B fixation by interference screw.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The methods of reconstruct of ACL and PCL by hamstring tendons knot implant fixation are feasible. The advantages include: it is biological fixation, not machine fixation; it may benefit for tendons with bone tunnel healing and decrease medical cost. Decreasing or eliminating displacement is helpful to prevent relaxation after reconstruction of ACL and PCL.</p>

Short-term effects of chemotherapy with combination of hydroxycamptothecine and oxaliplatin in the treatment of advanced digestive tract cancers / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the short-term therapeutic effects and side effects of combined hydroxycamptothecine and oxaliplatin in the treatment of advanced digestive tract cancers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty patients suffering from advanced digestive tract tumors including gastric cancer 8, colorectal cancer 20, cholecystic cancer 1 and malignant fibroadenoma 1 were studied. They were treated with hydroxycamptothecine plus oxaliplatin for 2 cycles with interval of 21 days.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The complete response, partial response, stable disease and progressive disease rates were 3.3% (1/30), 36.7% (11/30), 53.3% (15/30) and 6.7% (3/30) respectively with an overall response rate (CR + PR) of 40.0% (12/30). In the whole 77 cycles, leukocytopenia was observed in 34 cycles (44.2%) and 19 cycles (55.9%) at grades III and IV. Diarrhea developed in 42 cycles (54.5%) and 20 cycles (47.6%) grades III and IV. The other side effects were fever, alopecia, nausea and vomiting, constipation, hepatic and renal function abnormity and neuritis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Satisfactory response rate is obtainable in advanced colorectal cancer as treated by hydroxycamptothecine plus oxaliplatin. The toxicity consists of severe leukocytopenia and diarrhea.</p>